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<\/figure>\n<\/figure>\n\n\n\n<\/blockquote>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n
\u00c0 la lecture de L'Autod\u00e9fense de la cellule<\/em> de Somersall et Bounous, de tr\u00e8s agr\u00e9ables souvenirs ont ressurgi. <\/pre>\n\n\n\n
Au cours de l'ann\u00e9e 1964-65, j'ai eu l'extraordinaire privil\u00e8ge de travailler avec les docteurs Fraser N. Gurd et Gustavo Bounous \u00e0 la Clinique de chirurgie de l'Universit\u00e9 McGill. C'\u00e9tait l'ann\u00e9e de \u00ab l'enrichissement acad\u00e9mique \u00bb du programme d'internat en chirurgie de McGill. Je travaillais alors \u00e0 un projet en rapport avec le choc cardiog\u00e9nique, aux c\u00f4t\u00e9s de Gustavo Bounous qui, lui, \u00e9tudiait les changements subis par l'intestin gr\u00eale par suite d'un choc h\u00e9morragique. J\u2019avais tout de suite reconnu que Gustavo \u00e9tait sp\u00e9cial de bien des mani\u00e8res. Le regarder raisonner sur les myst\u00e8res des l\u00e9sions de l\u2019intestin gr\u00eale, c\u2019\u00e9tait observer un grand ma\u00eetre \u00e0 l\u2019\u0153uvre. Il diss\u00e9quait ce probl\u00e8me complexe avec minutie d'une mani\u00e8re des plus innovatrice, remettant sans cesse en question ses propres observations.
Le pr\u00e9sent ouvrage nous raconte dans les moindres d\u00e9tails le d\u00e9nouement de cette n\u00e9crose aigu\u00eb de l\u2019intestin, comme il en survient chez les grands br\u00fbl\u00e9s et dans d\u2019autres \u00e9tats de choc semblables. Mais le plus important, c\u2019est que Bounous est all\u00e9 au-del\u00e0 des observations, et qu\u2019il s\u2019est fait le pionnier du traitement des l\u00e9sions. La mise au point de la \u00ab di\u00e8te \u00e9l\u00e9mentaire \u00bb administr\u00e9e par voie intestinale (ent\u00e9rale) s\u2019est av\u00e9r\u00e9e un des \u00e9l\u00e9ments parmi les plus importants qui ont men\u00e9 aux progr\u00e8s actuels de la nutrition chirurgicale. Gustavo et le Dr Gurd seraient heureux de savoir qu\u2019on attribue maintenant \u00e0 l\u2019intestin gr\u00eale un r\u00f4le central qui pourrait expliquer l\u2019insuffisance multi-organique cons\u00e9cutive \u00e0 un d\u00e9ficit circulatoire de cause vari\u00e9e. Le r\u00f4le majeur que joue aujourd\u2019hui la nutrition ent\u00e9rale dans les services de soins intensifs doit \u00eatre port\u00e9 au cr\u00e9dit du travail fondamental qu\u2019ont effectu\u00e9 Bounous et Gurd.<\/pre>\n\n\n\n
Pour ma part, c\u2019est le r\u00e9cit circonstanci\u00e9 des premi\u00e8res ann\u00e9es de Gustavo Bounous qui m\u2019ont le plus vivement int\u00e9ress\u00e9. \u00c0 l\u2019\u00e9poque o\u00f9 je travaillais \u00e0 ses c\u00f4t\u00e9s, d\u2019abord comme r\u00e9sident en chirurgie, puis plus tard, comme coll\u00e8gue chirurgien, je n\u2019\u00e9tais pas conscient de l\u2019h\u00e9ritage culturel exceptionnel qui \u00e9tait le sien. Ce qui m\u2019explique aujourd\u2019hui certains de ses comportements d\u2019alors et le z\u00e8le dont il faisait preuve pour la recherche en chirurgie. Je comprends maintenant les sentiments qu\u2019il manifestait \u00e0 l\u2019endroit des Louis Pasteur Dante (qu\u2019il citait souvent dans le laboratoire aux jeunes \u00e9tudiants que nous \u00e9tions), Galil\u00e9e, Alexander Fleming, Beethoven et tous ses autres h\u00e9ros personnels. Sa grande aptitude \u00e0 surmonter les divers obstacles de la vie peut s\u00fbrement \u00eatre attribuable \u00e0 l\u2019influence de sa m\u00e8re, puis \u00e0 ses lectures de jeunesse qui, ensemble, ont profond\u00e9ment marqu\u00e9 son caract\u00e8re.
Les recherches de Bounous sur le renforcement du syst\u00e8me immunitaire constituaient une suite logique de ses travaux sur la di\u00e8te \u00e9l\u00e9mentaire. Sa collaboration fructueuse avec Batist, Kongshavn et les autres afin d\u2019\u00e9lucider les m\u00e9canismes sous-tendant l\u2019activit\u00e9 de la prot\u00e9ine de lactos\u00e9rum est un exemple parfait de l\u2019importance d\u2019une masse critique de scientifiques au sein d\u2019une institution. Mais le succ\u00e8s repose aussi sur un sens aigu de l\u2019observation, une d\u00e9termination farouche, des hasards heureux, et un raisonnement intuitif inlassable de la part de Bounous.
De m\u00eame, la collaboration avec Dieter Beer et Chuck Roberts, chefs de file de l\u2019industrie, a permis de poursuivre les recherches et de mettre au point une forme sous laquelle pr\u00e9senter le produit pour pouvoir l\u2019utiliser dans le traitement de patients. On commence \u00e0 peine \u00e0 examiner l\u2019impact potentiel de ce produit, mais on entrevoir d\u2019ores et d\u00e9j\u00e0 qu\u2019il pourrait r\u00e9volutionner le traitement des patients souffrant d\u2019immunod\u00e9ficience, quelle qu\u2019en soit la cause. On \u00e9tudie actuellement son r\u00f4le possible dans le traitement du cancer, de la d\u00e9nutrition, des maladies infectieuses, etc. Cette approche qui consiste \u00e0 privil\u00e9gier une intervention nutritionnelle plut\u00f4t que l\u2019administration d\u2019une \u00ab drogue \u00bb susceptible de cr\u00e9er une r\u00e9sistance, est typique de la conception de Gustavo Bounous.
Je suis convaincu qu\u2019Ada Bounous, H. B. Schumacher (Indiana), Fraser N. Gurd (McGill) et tous les coll\u00e8gues de Gustavo seraient tr\u00e8s fiers de ses r\u00e9ussites pr\u00e9sentes et du t\u00e9moignage de reconnaissance que vient de lui manifester le Conseil canadien de la recherche m\u00e9dicale. Avec la grande modestie qu\u2019on lui conna\u00eet, Gustavo dit : \u00ab Je n\u2019ai rien d\u00e9couvert. J\u2019ai eu la chance de trouver un m\u00e9lange prot\u00e9ique de premier choix, extrait du lait avec le plus grand soin afin de lui conserver toutes ses propri\u00e9t\u00e9s naturelles, et soutenant le pr\u00e9curseur crucial du glutathion. \u00bb<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Professeur de chirurgie, Chaire H. Rocke Robertson
Universit\u00e9 McGill<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"